1. Working Principle of Home Energy Storage Batteries

Home energy storage batteries are devices used to store electrical energy, typically used in conjunction with solar photovoltaic systems, and can also be charged from the grid. Their core technologies include:

• Battery Cells: Common types include lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion) and lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP), the latter of which is safer and has a longer service life.

• Battery Management System (BMS): intelligently controls battery charging and discharging to prevent overcharging or over-discharging, enhancing safety and lifespan.

• Inverter: converts stored direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) usable by the household.

2. Key Advantages of Home Energy Storage Batteries

• Reduce electricity bills: store electricity during off-peak hours when rates are lower and use it during peak hours to minimize expenses.

• Backup Power: Provides emergency power during outages to ensure critical household appliances (such as refrigerators, WiFi, medical devices, etc.) continue to function.

• Enhanced Solar Energy Utilization: Stores excess solar energy during the day and uses it at night or on cloudy days, increasing self-sufficiency in clean energy.

3. Key Parameters to Consider When Selecting a Home Energy Storage Battery

• Capacity (kWh): Indicates the amount of electricity the battery can store. For example, a 10kWh battery can power an average household for approximately 8-12 hours.

• Power (kW): Determines how many appliances the battery can power simultaneously. For example, a 5kW battery can run multiple appliances at the same time.

• Cycle life: Typically over 4,000-6,000 cycles, with a service life of approximately 10-15 years.

• Compatibility: Consider compatibility with existing solar systems and support for grid-connected or off-grid modes.

4. Installation and maintenance of home energy storage batteries

• Installation location: Should be placed in a well-ventilated area, avoiding direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.

• Maintenance Requirements: Modern lithium-ion batteries require minimal maintenance; users only need to periodically check the battery status and keep the inverter clean.

5. Policies and Subsidies for Home Energy Storage Batteries

The U.S. government offers various incentive programs, such as the federal 30% tax credit (ITC). Some states (e.g., California, New Jersey) also provide additional energy storage subsidies, significantly reducing installation costs.